Western hydrogen hub shows the way forward on energy — and politics too

This opinion piece from TWW’s Steve Handy originally ran in The Salt Lake Tribune on May 16, 2023 and can be accessed here.

Without much fanfare, a group of Western governors last month submitted plans to the federal government to build a major center for hydrogen production in the Rocky Mountain region. The governors of four states — Utah, Wyoming, Colorado and New Mexico — are hoping to secure $1.25 billion in federal funding to help make the proposal, dubbed the Western Interstate Hydrogen Hub, a reality.

This is a bigger story than you might think, for reasons of policy and politics.

Hydrogen may not get the same kind of press as solar panels, wind turbines or electric cars. But ramping up U.S. hydrogen production is critically important for our future energy security.

For example: Hydrogen can be used to power heavy vehicles that don’t perform as well with batteries, such as trucks, buses, trains and even commercial aircraft. Hydrogen can be blended with natural gas to reduce carbon emissions from power plants, factories and even residential sources like furnaces and hot-water heaters.

Hydrogen can also be stored and used to generate electricity or heat at any time of the day or night — what power grid operators call a “dispatchable” energy source. This can provide another option besides natural gas-fired power plants and large-scale batteries for backing up renewables like wind and solar.

So positioning Utah, Wyoming, Colorado and New Mexico as a major hub of hydrogen production — a fuel with so many uses and markets all over the world — is a huge step in the right direction from an economic point of view.

Today, most U.S. hydrogen is made from natural gas in a process that releases carbon emissions into the atmosphere. So even though hydrogen itself may not have direct carbon emissions when used as a fuel, the indirect emissions from how it is made can’t be ignored.

The Western hydrogen hub will tackle this challenge in three principal ways: First, by capturing and storing the carbon emissions during natural gas-based hydrogen production; second, by developing technologies that can use wood waste and other biomass as an alternative feedstock for hydrogen production; and third, by perfecting a process called electrolysis to produce commercial quantities of hydrogen using only electricity and water.

The $1.25 billion federal grant will be enough to begin the development of eight different hydrogen projects across the four states and generate 26,000 jobs, according to state officials.

This level of technological collaboration is impressive enough. But the political collaboration that underpins the planned hydrogen hub is also remarkable.

For example: After the four states submitted their latest plans to the federal government, Utah Gov. Spencer Cox, a Republican, issued a statement that couldn’t have been more bullish.

“Utah has long advocated for doing things a little differently, and in our state, that little bit of difference has led to a lot of innovation and economic success,” said Gov. Cox. “Our partnership in this four-state application is no different. If the Department of Energy wants to spur innovation in hydrogen as an energy source, this is the place.”

Meanwhile, in neighboring Colorado, a statement from Democratic Gov. Jared Polis also fully embraced proposed hydrogen hub. “The investment in these eight hydrogen projects is a crucial step to achieving shared energy independence goals and my goal of 100% renewable energy in Colorado by 2040,” Polis said.

These two elected officials have vastly different political views and core constituencies, and yet, they are united behind the idea of creating a major new industry — hydrogen production — in our region.

In today’s highly polarized political environment, this is no easy feat. But it’s a welcome development, and one that the Biden administration should consider closely when deciding the fate of the $1.25 billion grant application.

Because these four Western states aren’t just showing the path forward for a critically important new energy source. They’re also presenting a powerful example of what can happen when elected leaders with divergent views are willing to sit down, talk and find a few areas of agreement to work on together.

Steve Handy is a former state legislator and the Utah director for The Western Way, an organization focused on market-competitive solutions to environmental and conservation challenges. He also served as a communications consultant for the recent Western States Hydrogen Hub application.

TWW Urges Congress to Support A Permanent Fix to the "Cottonwood" Decision

The Western Way joined other like minded common sense and free market based conservation groups this week urging Congress to support a permanent fix to the “Cottonwood” decision which would improve forest restoration and reduce the risk of wildfires.

With broad support for a permanent Cottonwood fix and a clear need for immediate action, it’s time for Congress to address this problem. Senator Steve Daines’s Cottonwood proposal (S. 1540) and Representative Matt Rosendale’s Forest Information Reform Act (H.R. 200) would allow forest managers to get back to restoring forests and recovering species.

The Property and Environment Research Center (PERC) details what the “Cottonwood” decision is and why it needs to be fixed:

The 2015 Cottonwood v Forest Service ruling, requires the Forest Service to halt forest restoration projects throughout a forest whenever a new species is listed, critical habitat is designated, or other new information is discovered about a species in that forest. The projects can’t proceed until the Service consults with the Fish and Wildlife Service over whether to change its overarching forest plans, a slow and expensive process. 

Pausing projects to protect vulnerable species may sound reasonable, but the reality is that this is a duplicative and distracting process. The Service already analyzes this new information before proceeding with specific projects, ensuring that no harm can come to species. The additional plan-level analysis is a duplicative bureaucratic obstacle. 

A temporary legislative fix was put in place in 2018, but it expired in March 2023. With Cottonwood left unchecked, Forest Service Deputy Chief Chris French estimates projects could grind to a halt in 87 forest plans across the West. According to French, completing duplicative analysis for all of these forest plans would take “somewhere between 5 and 10 years and tens of millions of dollars.” With an 80-million-acre forest restoration backlog, that’s time and money the Forest Service does not have. 

That’s why this bipartisan congressional action is so welcome. It’s past time Congress establishes a permanent fix for Cottonwood. 

Read more about why a fix for Cottonwood is urgently needed here.

The TransWest Express transmission line is a win for rural communities. Why did approval take 15 years?

This opinion piece by TWW’s Greg Brophy originally ran in UtilityDive on May 16, 2023 and can be accessed here.

One of the biggest economic development opportunities in rural America is supporting the expansion of new electricity sources.

Whether you’re talking about wind farms, solar arrays, advanced nuclear power plants or large-scale batteries, rural communities are a natural home for these technologies — especially the rural communities of the West.

As a result, we’ve seen a wave of investment in electricity generation — especially wind and solar — across rural America during the past 20 years. But we haven’t reached our potential and there’s plenty of room left to grow. 

What’s holding rural America back? It’s a lack of transmission lines to move electricity from states like Colorado and Wyoming, where it’s generated, to states like Nevada and California, where it’s consumed.

Recently, however, there was some good news on this front: The federal approval of a major new transmission line connecting wind farms in Wyoming to California.

The TransWest Express project will span more than 700 miles and add 3,000 MW of new transmission capacity to the power grid. For perspective, that’s enough capacity to move electrical output of three large-scale nuclear power plants.

According to the Los Angeles Times, the project is badly needed because “the wind in Wyoming peaks in the afternoon and stays strong into the evening, meaning it could help California keep the lights on after sundown.”

The construction of the TransWest Express transmission project is expected to create more than 1,000 jobs, and once complete, it will be the largest addition to the Western power grid in decades.

That’s the good news, but here’s the bad news: It took the federal government 15 years to review and approve the TransWest Express project.

Fifteen years: That’s more than triple the time it took for the U.S. to win World War II.

Despite securing approvals from four states, 14 local governments and a slew of private landowners along the proposed route, the developers of TransWest Express hit a brick wall with the federal government, which owns two-thirds of the land that the transmission line will cross.

The massive delay in approving the TransWest Express project was the result of an overly complex and too easily derailed federal permitting process for major infrastructure projects.

Despite being put on the so-called “fast track” in 2011 by the Obama administration, the project got bogged down in red tape and squabbling between different arms of the federal bureaucracy.

At one point, an agency housed inside the U.S. Department of Agriculture even used $3 million of taxpayer money to buy a conservation easement that added years of additional delays to the permitting process, even though the rest of the federal bureaucracy was ready to approve the project.

Rural America cannot afford this kind of insanity to continue, which is why the bipartisan work on permitting reform in Congress is so critically important.

The Lower Energy Costs Act, which recently passed the Republican-controlled House of Representatives, is about a lot more than producing more of our own oil and natural gas — as important as that is.

The bill also includes critical reforms to speed up the permitting review process for a wide spectrum of energy and mining projects, so that the developers of those projects don’t have to wait several years — or more than a decade in some cases — for a clear “yes” or “no” answer.

The ball is now in the court of the U.S. Senate, which is controlled by Democrats. But the prospect of bipartisan cooperation on this subject is strong, thanks to the work being done by Democratic Senator Joe Manchin of West Virginia and supportive officials in the executive branch.

Manchin has proposed legislation that would streamline the permitting process so that decisions could be reached faster, without lowering the bar on environmental protections. Democratic leaders in the Senate have obstructed his efforts, but even the Biden administration supports the proposed reforms.

“We can move faster by setting tighter deadlines for agencies to complete environmental reviews,” John Podesta, a top energy adviser to President Joe Biden, said recently at the CERAWeek by S&P Global conference in Houston. “We can move smarter by making it easier to approve projects with low environmental impact.”

“But Congress needs to do its job … and pass permitting reform legislation,” Podesta concluded.

Despite our polarized politics, there’s simply too much agreement on this subject for nothing to change, and for 15-year delays in the federal permitting process to still be possible.

The rural communities of the West need these reforms badly. Right now, we have the potential to vastly increase the amount of energy we provide for the U.S. economy, but no way to get that energy to market.

Our communities are poorer as a result, and that is why Republicans and Democrats must find a way to work through their differences on this issue.

Greg Brophy is a farmer and former state senator. He is the Colorado director of The Western Way.

With divided government, clean energy, pro-business policies can thrive side-by-side in Nevada

This opinion piece from TWW’s John Karakoulakis was originally published in the Reno Gazette Journal on April 29, 2023 and can be accessed here.

With divided government, clean energy, pro-business policies can thrive side-by-side in Nevada

John Karakoulakis

In these polarized political times, it’s easy to view the major political parties as total and irreconcilable opposites. If Democrats support one thing, then Republicans must oppose it, and vice versa.

But when you look closer at individual policy issues, it’s never that simple, and that’s a good thing. One of the best examples is energy policy, which is a critically important topic right now in Nevada.

With the election of Governor Joe Lombardo, we now have divided government in Nevada. But that doesn’t mean the expansion of clean energy in our state will grind to a halt, or even slow down. Because there is plenty of room for both parties to work together on smart energy solutions for Nevada.

A great starting point is Gov. Lombardo’s plan to shield Nevadans from sudden spikes in energy demand from neighboring California. These spikes are becoming a bigger problem, because California is retiring more of its own power plants and relying more heavily on imported electricity from states across the West.

Shortly after he was sworn in, the governor called for the construction of new in-state sources of electricity generation to limit California’s influence over the Nevada energy market. On March 27, he provided more detail with a major executive order that seeks “energy independence” for Nevada.

“Nevada's advancement of energy independence will spur economic development, lead job creation, drive low-cost energy for Nevadans and reduce carbon emissions for future generations of Nevadans,” Gov. Lombardo’s executive order says.

The executive order calls for a “balanced approach” that advances “sustainability and reliability” at the same time, rather than the state government picking winners and losers. The goal should be a “robust, diverse energy portfolio” that includes “solar, wind, geothermal, hydropower, natural gas … hydrogen, energy storage, and other resources needed to meet the vast energy demands in the state.”

To be clear: By throwing his weight behind the construction of new power generation in Nevada, Gov. Lombardo is also supporting the construction of new clean energy sources — because they are cheaper than the alternatives.

That is especially true for solar, which has plummeted in cost over the past 10 to 15 years and is now the cheapest source of new electricity generation that utilities can build, according to data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration.

Therefore, a program to build more power generation in Nevada is a program to build more renewable power in Nevada.

But the governor’s executive order goes even further, calling for the development of “transmission and energy infrastructure to ensure that Nevada is a regional leader in exporting its solar, wind and geothermal resources.”

At the same time, Gov. Lombardo wants more transmission infrastructure to import reliable, low-cost, clean energy from other states when it’s needed. Another critical element of the executive order: Policies that “reduce regulations and streamline the permitting process for shorter approval times for energy projects” which are too often caught up in red tape and litigation from activist groups.

The governor’s order is a huge vote of confidence in the state’s future as a major clean energy investment hub — and a promising sign of bipartisan cooperation in this area.

Though, to be honest, this shouldn’t come as a surprise when you consider some of the private-sector investments that are already being made in Nevada.

Earlier this year, Tesla announced a $3.6 billion expansion of its operations in Nevada. The expansion will be focused on building electric semi-trucks, which is the next frontier in electrifying the transportation sector.

Days later, General Motors announced a $650 million investment in the Thacker Pass mine in Nevada, which will produce lithium for use in electric vehicle batteries. Today, the U.S. produces a tiny fraction of the world’s lithium, and developing a domestic supply chain for lithium and other critical minerals can prevent the kind of disruption we saw with semiconductors during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Then, in early March, the developers of a massive $2.5 billion pumped-hydro energy storage project in eastern Nevada’s White Pine County submitted their final license application to federal regulators in Washington, D.C.

While Republicans and Democrats may have different reasons for supporting investments in clean energy technologies, that hardly matters. What matters is they agree.

Investments in clean energy power generation, clean energy manufacturing, and clean energy supply chains are good for businesses and working families in Nevada. It’s not rocket science, it’s just common sense. And we should all welcome that fact that victories for common sense can also be victories for the environment.

John Karakoulakis is director of The Western Way, a nonprofit that seeks pro-market solutions to environmental challenges.

TWW Supports Commonsense NV Geothermal Legislation

Nevada Assemblywoman Melissa Hardy (R, District 22 in Clark County) is running an important bill this session to support Nevada’s geothermal industry by trying to streamline permitting for new development. The bill also requires the state to conduct a study which will assess new opportunities for geothermal and how best to deploy the technology, so Nevada remains a leader in the space. Assemblywoman Hardy’s bill, AB-315 passed out of the Assembly Growth and Infrastructure Committee earlier this month.

“I support Governor Lombardo’s balanced approach to energy policy in the state, and AB315 aligns with that goal to promote the growth of Nevada’s geothermal industry in all sectors,” said Assemblywoman Hardy. “As we move towards a sustainable and energy-independent future, it is crucial to embrace all forms of renewable energy, including geothermal. I will continue to work with the administration, my colleagues and stakeholders to ensure we have a product that promotes a more sustainable future for Nevada’s natural resources.”

The Western Way is proud to support this legislation from Assemblywoman Hardy which would bolster a homegrown energy resource that will strengthen Nevada’s power grid and provide a boost to the economy with new jobs and investment.

Click here to read AB-315.

The answer to solar and wind energy storage isn’t giant batteries — it’s mountain reservoirs

This piece from TWW’s Steve Handy was ran in the Deseret News on April 5, 2023 and can be accessed here.

For the past decade, the price of low-carbon energy sources has fallen at an astonishing rate. Electricity from newly built wind turbines is 70% cheaper than it was 10 years ago and electricity from solar panels is 90% cheaper.

But to take full advantage of the falling price of wind and solar power, we need to find a way to store the electricity from these sources, so it can be used when the wind isn’t blowing and the sun isn’t shining.

In the rapidly expanding field of energy storage, the development of large-scale batteries gets a lot of attention. But there’s another much simpler solution that’s ready to go today — pumped-storage hydropower — especially in Western U.S.

Pumped-storage hydropower has been used for decades. During times of low energy demand, surplus renewable electricity on the power grid is used to pump water uphill into a reservoir. Later, when demand is higher, the stored water is released. As it flows back downhill, the water runs through a hydroelectric generator, sending electricity back to the power grid.

It’s a remarkably efficient energy storage technology. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, pumped storage returns roughly 80% of the electricity it consumes to the power grid — on par with much newer battery storage technologies.

But the expanded use of pumped-storage hydropower is being held back. The problem has nothing to do with the technology — instead it’s red tape.

Across the country, there are 67 pumped-storage hydropower projects in various stages of planning, according to 2021 data from the National Hydropower Association. Together, these projects would add 52.5 gigawatts of storage capacity to the power grid, almost tripling the amount of energy storage that’s in use today nationwide.

However, the national association says only three of the 67 proposed projects have received authorization from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, “and none have begun construction.” These regulatory delays are a bigger deal in the western U.S. than other parts of the country, because more than 60% of the proposed projects would be built to support our region’s power grid.

In Utah, for example, there are six pumped-hydro storage projects waiting on regulatory approvals, according to the Federal Energy Regulatory Committee.

In Wyoming, a single storage project that’s been proposed in the heart of coal country would represent a $2.5 billion infrastructure investment, according to rPlus Hydro, the company behind the project.

In Nevada, rPlus is planning another large-scale pumped-storage hydropower project, estimated to be worth roughly $2 billion.

Besides supporting the power grid and allowing greater use of renewable electricity at all hours of the day and night, the Wyoming and Nevada projects will create roughly 500 construction jobs and 35 permanent jobs each, according to company estimates.

If you’re wondering why Western states are getting so much attention from pumped-hydro storage developers, it’s because of our mountain geography. 

As the National Hydropower Association explains: “Using electricity from the grid to pump water from a lower elevation, (pumped-storage hydropower) creates potential energy in the form of water stored at an upper elevation.” Needless to say, in the West, we have no shortage of “upper elevation” to work with. 

It’s time for governors, state legislatures and members of Congress to figure out the causes of the permitting backlog for pumped-storage hydropower projects and get these projects moving. That should be easier in the West, because as the NHA notes, many of the projects in our region “are off-river or closed loop meaning they have fewer environmental impacts.”

To be sure, water is a sensitive subject in the West. But we have an opportunity to use our water resources wisely to lead the nation in energy storage and increase the use of renewable sources of electricity.

Surely, that’s something that project developers, grid operators, electricity consumers and even environmental activist groups can get behind.

Steve Handy is a former state legislator and the Utah director for The Western Way, an organization focused on market-competitive solutions to environmental and conservation challenges.

Let's keep Arizona's innovative energy sector on the right track

This piece from Greater Phoenix Chamber President and CEO Todd Sanders and TWW’s Jaime Molera originally ran in the Phoenix Business Journal on March 31, 2023 and can be accessed here.

Arizona’s innovative energy sector is surging, but we must stay ahead of the competition. There’s an unfortunate trend in national politics to assume that everything is, well, political. This is particularly the case when it comes to energy policy.

Extreme voices on both sides of the aisle want the public to believe that some energy sources are “red,” while others are “blue,” and that investments in these energy sources are all driven by politics.

But here in the states, and especially in Arizona, we know better. By keeping taxes low, cutting red tape and maintaining an affordable cost of living, Arizona has been a magnet for businesses of all kinds, from aerospace to bioscience to financial services.

But Arizona’s business climate is racking up major wins in the clean energy sector, too.

In just the past few months, our state has seen a surge of investment in battery and solar cell manufacturing.

In early December, American Battery Factory, announced a $1.2 billion gigafactory for advanced battery cells will be built in Tucson. American Battery Factory specializes in the manufacturing of lithium iron phosphate, or LFP, batteries.

LFP batteries are an alternative to the lithium-ion technology used in laptops, cell phones and most electric vehicles on the road today. The Tucson factory is expected to support 300 jobs when it opens in 2024 or early 2025, with that number eventually growing to 1,000 jobs.

Arizona now a battery-making hub

On the heels of this announcement, another battery manufacturer – Sion Power – unveiled plans to double the size of its existing operations in Tucson. The expansion will add 150 jobs and boost the local economy by more than $300 million over the next five years, according to the Arizona Commerce Authority.

Sion Power is the developer of another new battery technology, which is designed to be lighter than existing lithium-ion batteries, but with a larger storage capacity.

And just last week, South Korean battery giant LG Energy Solution

Ltd. has confirmed its plans to move forward with building a huge battery complex in Queen Creek, representing a $5.5 billion investment.

Thanks to these investments, and others by battery firms such as Li-Cycle and KORE Power, our state has a “reputation as a national epicenter for battery manufacturing,” said Sandra Watson, the Arizona Commerce Authority’s President and CEO.

In early January, yet another investment in clean energy manufacturing was announced – this time in Phoenix.

The state’s first solar module manufacturing facility, to be operated by JA Solar, should be operational by the end of the year and create more than 600 new jobs. JA Solar’s $60 million facility in Phoenix will build solar panels for homes, businesses, and large- scale projects by utility companies.

Company representatives praised state and local officials for ensuring the site selection process ran smoothly – a testament to our state’s positive business climate.

With all this welcome news, there is a natural temptation to become complacent, to take Arizona’s status as a leading clean energy state for granted. That would be a big mistake, of course.

Competition from other states

In the wake of Covid-19, many industries are fundamentally rethinking their overseas supply chains and choosing to make more of their products here in the United States. The energy sector is no different.

There’s a major push to build more batteries, solar panels and other technologies domestically, and the same can be said for the raw materials that must be mined in order to build a whole host of clean energy sources.

This represents a massive opportunity for Arizona – but other states are eager to capitalize as well. While our state economy has many natural strengths, the private and public sectors will need to work together closely to ensure we stay ahead of the pack.

For example: We need to keep investing in community colleges and other educational institutions that can produce well-trained and highly skilled workers who are ready to work in clean energy. Finding and retaining talented workers is a massive factor in deciding where to build or expand.

Another challenge: Making sure Arizona’s research and development tax incentives are keeping pace with the needs of business. After all, scientific breakthroughs and other innovations that happen in Arizona are more likely to create jobs in Arizona.

Building on Arizona’s existing leadership in this space doesn’t have to be hard. But it won’t happen on its own, either.

There’s no time like the present for job creators, policy makers, communities and workers to develop a clean energy game plan that keeps Arizona in the lead for decades to come. Sure, it may require putting politics aside in order to accomplish what’s best for our state. But that’s not a bad thing, either.

Todd Sanders is president and CEO of the Greater Phoenix Chamber; Jaime A. Molera is state director of The Western Way and a partner with Molera Alvarez LLC.

AZ Lands $5.5 Billion Investment for State of the Art Battery Facility

LG Energy Solution announced it will invest approximately $5.5 billion to build a battery manufacturing complex in Queen Creek, Arizona. The investment is the largest single investment ever for a stand-alone battery manufacturing facility in North America.  It is also more than four times the amount that LG Energy Solution initially announced last year to manufacture cylindrical EV batteries in the same location.

"Our decision to invest in Arizona demonstrates our strategic initiative to continue expanding our global production network, which is already the largest in the world, to further advance our innovative and top-quality products in scale and with speed," said Youngsoo Kwon, CEO of LG Energy Solution.

When completed the complex will consist of two manufacturing facilities - one for cylindrical batteries for electric vehicles (EV) and another for lithium iron phosphate (LFP) pouch-type batteries for energy storage systems (ESS).

With the new battery manufacturing complex in the southwestern state, LGES will boost its production capacity in major product segments, develop more cohesive partnerships with its customers in both EV and ESS sectors, and cut back on the logistics cost by bringing its new manufacturing facilities in close proximity to its customers.

The new manufacturing facility for LFP pouch-type batteries for ESS, which is the first ESS-exclusive battery production facility in the world, aims to start production in 2026. With LG Energy Solution Vertech, Inc.'s fully integrated energy storage solutions, LGES will further expand its presence in the entire ESS value chain.  

The company's new manufacturing facilities will utilize a state-of-the-art smart factory system that carries out all decision making on machine-produced data. By implementing this key measure to enhance product quality, the Arizona facilities will aim to increase yield, improve manufacturing processes, and boost productivity to better respond to the ever-rising battery demands in the region.

Bill to demystify tax credits would have been a win for fiscal conservatism and clean energy

This opinion piece from TWW’s Steve Handy originally ran in the Salt Lake Tribune on March 16, 2023 and can be accessed here.

Bill to demystify tax credits would have been a win for fiscal conservatism and clean energy

Can you be fiscally conservative and support tax credits for renewable energy projects and other types of business investment?

As the state director of The Western Way, a non-profit focused on conservative and market-competitive solutions to environmental and conservation challenges, I get that question a lot.

And I can answer without hesitation: Yes.

I know this might clash with political and media stereotypes about energy and the environment. Big-government progressives are the champions of renewable energy and small-government conservatives only believe in fossil fuels — or so the narrative goes.

But the reality is much different. Case in point: The debate over a measure to reform clean energy tax credits in the Utah Legislature this year.

In early February, state Rep. Kay Christofferson, R-Lehi, introduced a bill – HB407 Incentives Amendments – that sought to reform the way a whole host of tax credits — from clean energy to historic preservation to motion picture production — are awarded by state officials.

While the initial draft of the bill would have immediately ended many of these tax credits, Christofferson listened to concerns and made some thoughtful changes.

The bill, as amended, would have brought new accountability and transparency measures to the way tax credits are awarded. Instead of just awarding credits to companies based on the paperwork they submit, HB407 would have required state officials to take additional steps of formally certifying their eligibility.

HB407 would also have required that state officials publish the details of each tax credit awarded on the internet, allowing the general public to decide for themselves if the incentives are worthwhile.

“Some of the credits are probably doing great things, and some we don’t know because we don’t have enough information on them,” Christofferson told the Salt Lake Tribune.

If HB407 had become law, state lawmakers and taxpayers would have had much greater visibility into Utah’s existing tax credits for wind, solar, geothermal and other forms of clean energy – along with other incentives for investments in other industries, too.

Then, armed with that information, the people of Utah and their elected representatives could decide what’s working, what isn’t and how it could be fixed. This would have been much more sensible than amending or repealing certain tax credits based on a political philosophy or a hunch.

In any debate about the tax breaks the state of Utah offers businesses, it’s also critically important to remember that our state economy doesn’t exist in a vacuum.

Utah is competing with other states for business investment – and those states offer tax incentives, too. While our biggest selling point will always be our commitment to free enterprise and a pro-business climate, we will also need to continue to offer modest tax incentives, some $200 million per year across all sectors, in order to stay competitive.

For perspective, $200 million is roughly 0.75% of Utah’s total state budget of approximately $29 billion per year.

And in the case of renewable energy, there’s a good reason for wanting those investments to be made here instead of another state.

In 2021, The Western Way commissioned an economic analysis of utility-scale renewable energy projects across 11 counties in Utah. By “utility scale,” the economists who prepared the report meant large wind farms, solar arrays and geothermal plants built by power companies, as opposed to rooftop solar projects and other renewable energy investments from individual homeowners and small businesses.

Over a roughly 15-year period, these large renewable energy projects generated $5.3 billion in construction and investment activity and more than 9,000 jobs.

These projects are mostly located in rural areas of the state and make a valuable contribution to the local tax base in these communities. The report from $24.6 million in annual property tax payments to local governments, in fact – money that supports public schools and other essential local services.

It’s clear that wind, solar and geothermal energy makes a major contribution to our successful state economy. Because of our wide-open spaces and high altitude, southern Utah in particular is attractive to utility scale solar.

The economics work, but offering targeted tax breaks to businesses in this sector may also be necessary to prevent other states from luring these projects away. As long as Utah taxpayers see a return on that investment, I’d argue it’s worth it.

Should those tax breaks remain permanent, or should they be phased out over time? I don’t pretend to know the answer to that question. But as a fiscal conservative, I do know that any answer should be based on the facts – and bills like HB407 can make those facts easier for the general public to access.

Steve Handy is a former Utah legislator and the Utah director for The Western Way, an organization focused on market-competitive solutions to environmental and conservation challenges.

Energy Innovation Spotlight: Spiral Welded Wind Turbine Towers Move to Commercialization

Earlier this month, Keystone Tower Systems and GE announced a major milestone in the development of spiral welded wind towers with the installation and operation of the first such tower on a 2.8MW GE turbine.  Keystone Tower System, headquartered in Denver, CO, is driving innovation in the market which could fundamentally change the economics, manufacturing, and installation of wind projects across the country. 

Spiral welded towers can be twice as tall and 10 times faster to build than conventional towers.  They also use less steal, so they are also more affordable than conventional towers.   Additionally, and perhaps most importantly, Keystone’s proprietary manufacturing process will eventually be deployed on-site at wind farms.  This will eliminate tower diameter restrictions by eliminating the need for delivery height restrictions on bridges and overpasses.   All of this results in taller towers that can access better and more consistent wind resources which will lower costs and land usage. 

Using on-site tower manufacturing will also create new economic benefits for communities where wind farms will be located, such as more local jobs during the construction phases and direct spending in local economies to build the towers. 

“This is the culmination of a dream we had to bring advanced manufacturing to the tower industry to help drive down the cost of wind energy and expand where wind is competitive into new regions,” said Eric Smith, Keystone’s co-founder and CTO. “I’m very proud of the years of hard work our team has invested in developing and scaling up tapered spiral welding.”  

“This collaboration with Keystone is an example of GE’s commitment to working with partners to bring new and innovative technology to the wind industry and advance domestic manufacturing,” said Vic Abate, GE Renewable Energy’s CEO, Onshore Wind. “We are delighted to be a part of this exciting opportunity for our workhorse products, with the goal of providing affordable, sustainable renewable energy to our customers and helping to deliver on the energy transition.”

Private sector innovation, market forces, and early stage R&D investments from the Department of Energy are driving this rapidly advancing technology which could have profound impacts on how wind energy gets built in the United States. 

Watch the video below to see how spiral wielded wind tower manufacturing works:

GUEST COLUMN: A more resilient power grid is crucial

This piece from TWW’s Greg Brophy first ran in The Gazette on February 5, 2023 and can be accessed here.

The North American power grid is a modern technological miracle: Almost 6,000 power plants and more than half a million miles of transmission lines, spanning the United States, Canada and parts of Mexico.

The size, scope and complexity of our grid is so vast, it’s often called “the world’s largest machine.” And like any machine, it requires maintenance, repair and upgrading over time.

But in recent years, power grid operators have also had to deal with something else: deliberate attacks on the electrical system. And it’s a threat that we need to take more seriously here in Colorado.

This issue gained fresh attention in December when gunfire crippled two electrical substations in Moore County, N.C. The attacks left 45,000 customers without power for days and forced critical local services, such as water systems and health care facilities, to generate their emergency power until the damage could be repaired.

In the words of one state official, the attackers turned a vibrant rural community into a “ghost town” for days. Many residents found conditions unlivable and fled the area, while those who remained were subject to public safety curfews.

Just before the North Carolina incident, the Department of Homeland Security issued a bulletin warning of increased chatter among domestic extremist groups about attacking the power grid. In fact, physical and cyber threats against the grid, from domestic and international actors, have been building for years.

In 2022, physical attacks and incidents of computer hacking against electrical infrastructure surged to their highest level in a decade, according to an analysis of federal incident reports by Politico.

A separate review of federal data also found that human-caused grid disturbances are a bigger threat in the Western U.S. and Western Canada than anywhere else in North America. The number of cases on the Western grid is up 46% since 2011, in fact.

So what can be done to thwart these efforts?

While there is a role for increased physical security, it’s clear that we cannot build a fortress around the power grid. It’s simply too large and too much a part of our daily lives for that kind of response.

Here in Colorado, however, the beginnings of a solution are starting to take shape.

To prevent attacks from succeeding, Xcel Energy is investing in technology upgrades and cybersecurity enhancements. In 2021, those investments totaled more than $100 million.

But Xcel is also exploring other ways to prevent attacks on the power grid, by changing the rules of the game. The state’s largest utility company is testing technology that will make the grid less centralized and therefore limit the impact of an attack or natural disaster in any single location.

The Community Resiliency Initiative is building “microgrids” in six locations that are designed to function independently if there’s a problem on the wider Xcel system. Using battery storage, the microgrids will keep electricity in reserve for homes and businesses during a natural disaster or a human-caused outage.

These steps are encouraging, but given the highly regulated nature of the grid, this is not a challenge that utility companies and power system operators can meet on their own.

For example: State legislators and regulators should explore ways to increase penalties for successful and attempted acts of electrical grid sabotage. Better still, they should also ensure that the security plans developed by utility companies receive closer scrutiny and are updated to match the heightened threats facing the grid.

But tougher penalties and enhanced security is only one side of the coin. Lawmakers and regulatory officials should also work with utility companies to speed up the modernization of the power grid, so that even successful attacks have little impact.

Microgrids are definitely part of the solution. But bigger and more diverse storage options for the larger grid are important too, such as the molten salt technology that Xcel is exploring as an option for the Hayden coal plant site in northwest Colorado.

Likewise, distributed energy sources — in the form of rooftop solar panels, hydrogen fuel cells, advanced geothermal systems and technologies that use waste heat from industrial processes to generate electricity — can play a much bigger role.

But often, the barriers to building a stronger, more resilient grid aren’t technological — they’re regulatory, legal and political. After all, most of the laws governing the electricity sector are based on what the power grid looked like in the mid- to late- 20th century.

But time doesn’t stand still, and neither should we. The world’s largest machine is due for a major tune-up, and the longer we wait, the more expensive it will get.

Greg Brophy of Wray is a farmer and former state senator. He is the Colorado director of The Western Way.

CO Legislation Looks at Nuclear, Pumped Hydro Storage

Two pieces of legislation introduced this year in Colorado would expand the state’s use of alternative energy sources and employ an all of the above approach to meet the state’s emission requirements.

HB-1080 from Representative Ty Winter and Senator Byron Pelton encourages Colorado to look at the possibility of small modular nuclear reactors by authorizing an in-depth feasibility study.  The study would look at the policies, economics, safety, reliability and environmental impacts of the use of small modular nuclear reactors. 

The bill also increases the current limit of pumped hydro storage facilities from 15 MW to 400 MW, opening the door to larger utility scale pumped hydro storage projects.  Pumped hydro storage projects already must utilize renewable energy in order to be eligible under the definition of recycled energy so increasing the cap makes sense and would serve to benefit Colorado’s growing renewables industry. 

SB-73 from Senator Larry Liston would add nuclear energy to the state’s definition of clean energy. The bill notes that nuclear energy is the largest source of carbon free electricity and has a 92.7% capacity factor which would help prevent future blackouts.

These all of the above approaches are common sense ways to enhance Colorado’s resource mix by focusing on reliability and base load generation.   

Battery Sector Key to Diversifying NV's Economy

A new trade association, the Nevada Battery Coalition, was formed in Nevada this week focusing on highlighting and increasing the opportunities that lithium battery production is bringing to Nevada.

Nevada is a leader in the mining, production, and recycling of lithium batteries and has already seen billions of dollars in investments and thousands of jobs across the state to grow the industry. 

“The current investment in this industry has produced profoundly positive environmental, economic, and national security advantages, all of which are strengthened by uniting the industry through the Nevada Battery Coalition,” said Caleb Cage who is coordinating the new group. 

Companies participating in establishing the Nevada Battery Coalition include 3PL Operating, Inc., Albemarle Corporation, American Battery Technology Company, American Lithium Corp/Tonopah Lithium Corp, Aqua Metals, Inc., Comstock Inc., Cypress Development, Dragonfly Energy, Ioneer USA Corporation, Lithion Battery, Lithium Americas, NV Energy, Tesla, and Quantum Copper.

To underscore the importance of the growing battery sector, just days after new trade group was formed, Nevada’s Redwood Materials announced it would receive a $2 billion Department of Energy loan to help build out its $3.5 billion Nevada recycling and remanufacturing. The project is expected to create about 3,400 construction jobs and employ about 1,600 full-time workers. The company's presence in Nevada started under former Gov. Brian Sandoval.  The investments and subsequent jobs will help Nevada’s newly elected Governor Joe Lombardo meet his goals to diversify Nevada's economy.

"This is what we're going to have to do to have success in the state of Nevada," Lombardo said. "We can't have all our eggs in one basket."

Major Investment in Nevada as Pro Development Governor Begins First Term

On January 24th, Telsa announced a major expansion of their Northern Nevada manufacturing facility, Giga Nevada.  Tesla head, Elon Musk made the announcement along with Nevada Governor Joe Lombardo in front of workers at the facility.

In noting the expansion’s major economic impacts for the state, Governor Lombardo said, “My three pillars as your Governor is the economy, education, and quality of life – public safety.  Now today with this expansion its even going to double the quality of life and the economic engine and the drivers for us to be successful in whole state Nevada and in particular to Northern Nevada.”

The $3.6 billion dollar investment announced will include:

• Construction of 4 million square feet of new manufacturing footprint

• Hiring 3,000 Nevadans for new jobs

• Semi-truck manufacturing capability

• 100 GWh of new 4680 battery cell production

Since 2014, Tesla has invested $6.2 billion in Nevada to build its current 5.4 million square foot Gigafactory which has generated $17.1 billion in cumulative economic output for Nevada, $4.2 billion in wages and $117 million in tax revenues. 

In terms of battery production, the plant has exceeded expectations and has already produced:

• 7.3 billion battery cells (37 GWh+ annually)

• 1.5 million battery packs

• 3.6 million drive units

• 1 million energy modules (14 GWh+ total)

The announcement came a day after Governor Lombardo delivered his first State of the State Address where he laid out the priorities of his administration and focused on the importance of economic development saying:

“Our best opportunities for economic growth are providing, a pro-business environment for the 350,000 businesses that currently call Nevada home and offering a pro-development invitation for the expansion of new business.

Whether it’s closing the lithium loop, unlocking innovation and investment in logistics, entertainment, science and technology, or embracing entrepreneurship, the message is, that Nevada is ready to partner.”

-Governor Joe Lombardo

Arizona Attracts Major Investments in Clean Energy Sector

Arizona’s strong business climate is racking up major wins in the clean energy sector. 

In just the last few weeks, Arizona has seen a surge of investment in battery and solar cell manufacturing driving thousands of new jobs for Arizonans and billions in investments from the private sector.

JA SOLAR ANNOUNCES FIRST U.S. SOLAR MODULE MANUFACTURING FACILITY IN PHOENIX

Representing a $60 million investment, the facility will create over 600 new jobs

“We are very excited to be able to set up the first U.S. solar module manufacturing facility in Arizona to provide our customers in the U.S. the flexibility and ease of access to JA Solar’s high-performance PV products,” said Aiqing Yang, President of JA Solar. “JA Solar thanks all the partners in Arizona, especially the ACA, GPEC, and the City of Phoenix for their great support and tremendous assistance during the entire process of site selection and space leasing in preparation to establish the manufacturing facility. Solar is a critical part of renewable energy and we are thrilled to be a part of the effort to meet the goal of carbon neutrality by 2050 in the U.S.”

SION POWER ANNOUNCES PLANS TO EXPAND BATTERY MANUFACTURING OPERATIONS IN TUCSON

The SP-1 factory expansion will be complete by 2026, creating over 150 jobs

“The global construction of battery manufacturing plants is occurring at a rapid pace, and the United States can’t be left behind,” said Tracy Kelley, CEO of Sion Power. “With our facility expansion in Tucson, Arizona, it will allow Sion Power to further our mission of scaling battery manufacturing from research and development to commercialization. This enables us to better serve our customers and their applications.”

AMERICAN BATTERY FACTORY SELECTS TUCSON AS SITE FOR ITS FIRST BATTERY CELL GIGAFACTORY IN UNITED STATES

American Battery Factory’s first site in a planned network of giga-factories to produce LFP battery cells, 2 million square feet, providing an estimated $1.2 billion in capital investment, $3.1 billion in economic impact to the state and accelerating the growth of the clean energy economy across the country. Approximately 300 high-paying jobs.

“This investment represents a generational opportunity both for us as a company and for Tucson as a community as a means to truly make energy independence a reality for everyone,” said Charles. “Batteries make shifting to an entirely green energy economy possible. With this first factory, we will secure a strategically positioned company headquarters while taking the critical first steps in making it possible to one day move the country and the entire world to 100% renewable power. We are honored to start this journey in Tucson and give back to the community through innovation, quality job creation, revenue generation and environmental protection.”

Regulators Investigating Whether Clean Energy Incentives will Help Real People

This piece from TWW’s Arizona State Director Jaime Molera, first ran in the Arizona Capitol Times on December 20, 22022 and can be accessed here.

Before this year’s election, President Joe Biden and Congress passed a package of almost $370 billion in tax breaks and other incentives to accelerate the deployment of clean energy sources across the U.S. economy. 

To be clear: The cost of wind, solar and other renewable energy sources has plummeted over the past 10 years, meaning they are already cost competitive with fossil fuels like coal and natural gas. So, the newly approved tax breaks will simply accelerate a shift in the energy sector that market forces had already started. 

Unfortunately, these tax breaks were rolled into a larger bill called the Inflation Reduction Act, which received a great deal of pushback for the cynical way it was named and then marketed to voters as they struggled with 40-year highs in inflation during an election year. 

However, now that the 2022 midterm elections are behind us, it’s easier to put politics aside and see what these clean energy tax breaks could do for working families and businesses here in Arizona and across the rest of the country.  

For example: Will these tax breaks actually result in lower residential energy bills and leave households with more money in their pocketbooks at the end of the month? Or will big energy companies and other special interests find a way to pocket these tax breaks themselves? 

The Biden administration may have some control over who sees the benefits of these clean energy tax incentives, but in my opinion, the real work will be done at the state level by utility regulators like the Arizona Corporation Commission (ACC). 

For that reason, we should all be grateful that ACC Chairwoman Lea Márquez Peterson is on the case. 

In late November, Peterson called on the state’s utility companies to show regulators how they will put the federal government’s new clean energy tax incentives to work.  

“I don’t agree with all aspects of the Inflation Reduction Act, but I do believe in reducing electric utility bills for Arizona consumers in all forms,” Peterson said. 

For utility companies, the bill’s tax breaks have the potential to reduce the cost of building new power generation and purchasing electricity from outside sources, Peterson added.  

But given what the American people were promised when the bill was passed, “the financial benefits must flow to ratepayers,” she said. Without proper oversight, the cost savings “will not be felt immediately, or at all” on people’s utility bills, Peterson said. 

“I believe we have a duty to ensure that ratepayers see lower costs as a result of the Inflation Reduction Act,” she said. 

But the ACC chairwoman, who is the first Latina to hold statewide public office in Arizona, didn’t just turn up the heat on the utility companies she oversees. Peterson also demanded that the Biden administration and Congress finally do something about the red tape and bureaucratic inertia that has blocked major energy and mining infrastructure projects across the Western U.S. 

These permitting roadblocks are slowing down, and threaten to completely derail, the approval of solar arrays, wind farms, advanced nuclear plants, geothermal facilities, power transmission lines and other construction projects that are essential for the continued expansion of homegrown clean energy, especially here in the West. 

“In the United States, we can mine and manufacture the resources necessary to support a 21st Century energy economy,” Peterson said. “And we can do it more sustainably and with better technology, quality, and workplace standards than any other country. But federal regulations are getting in the way of siting new energy production facilities and mining operations in the West.” 

After passing the clean energy tax breaks, “Congress also promised to address permitting reform [and] Congress must keep its promise,” Peterson concluded. 

Peterson’s call is supported by many in the mining industry and even in the halls of academia. Recently, the Payne Institute for Public Policy at the Colorado School of Mines issued a timely warning: “Without permits to build things, there will be no clean energy boom.” 

“Clean energy that exists only on paper doesn’t do anyone any good,” the university-based think tank wrote in a column published by The Financial Times. “To be real, it must be permitted, and then built.” 

For many reasons, Arizona is a pivotal state to the political and economic future of our country. If they’re smart, elected officials and bureaucrats in Washington, D.C., will therefore pay close attention to the proceedings of the ACC and take Chairwoman Peterson’s challenge on infrastructure permitting seriously.   

Jaime A. Molera is former Arizona state school superintendent, partner of Molera Alvarez, and the Arizona director for The Western Way, a nonprofit organization that builds support for market-driven solutions to environmental challenges. 

Arizona’s Burgeoning Hydrogen Economy Advances

This month, Nikola Corporation and Plug Power announced a strategic partnership to advance Arizona’s hydrogen economy.

Arizona-based Nikola Corp. is already a global leader in zero-emissions transportation and energy supply and infrastructure solutions, and is also a leader in the research and development of hydrogen-based fuels. Plug Power is a leading provider of turnkey hydrogen solutions for the global green hydrogen economy. Together, Nikola and Plug will take Arizona’s burgeoning hydrogen economy to the next level.

Plug offers an end-to-end green hydrogen ecosystem using PEM electrolyzer solutions, which produce carbon-free green hydrogen using renewable electricity and water. Green hydrogen is a cost-competitive form of energy and the only form of hydrogen created using clean renewables.

Plug liquifies hydrogen for transportation at atmospheric pressure and temperatures below -400°F with an ultra-low energy consumption twin-expander refrigeration process that simplifies and streamlines operation and maintenance, resulting in cost savings for our customers. With its fleet of cryogenic trucks, Plug uses a fleet of cryogenic trucks to transport green hydrogen from production plants to users around the world daily.

With last week’s announcement, Plug will now provide its fully integrated liquefaction system for Nikola’s recently announced hydrogen hub project in Buckeye, Arizona, which is currently going through a permitting and rezoning process as well as the procurement of long-lead equipment. The project will be engineered to produce 30 metric-tons per day in its first phase, scaling up to 150 metric-tons per day. The low carbon hydrogen supply from the hub will further support the deployment of the Nikola Tre FCEV program and Nikola’s hydrogen energy business.

In addition, Nikola and Plug have also executed a 125 metric-tons per day Green Hydrogen Supply Agreement, which is expected to provide Nikola with a minimum of 100 metric-tons per day of hydrogen with the option to increase volume over time. This will allow Nikola to source hydrogen from multiple locations across the country as Plug continues to bring on new supply facilities.

Of the partnership, Cary Mendes, Nikola President, Energy, said, “Nikola and Plug share a common vision for sustainable, efficient, energy solutions which supports our commitment to decarbonize the transportation industry. This strategic relationship will help underpin Nikola’s ambitious growth plans to expand the hydrogen energy business and to support the adoption of Nikola’s zero-emission Class 8 trucks.”

New Chevron Geothermal Project Coming to NV

Late last week Chevron and Baseload Capital announced a new joint venture to explore geothermal development opportunities in the United States.  The companies will collaborate on driving geothermal opportunities – including identifying the best options for development, operations and progressing the next generation of geothermal technologies from pilot to commercial scale.

The first project identified by the joint venture will be developed in Nevada’s Esmeralda County.  Currently, the majority of Nevada’s geothermal electrical generation plants are located in the northern portion of the state. This new project shows the potential for geothermal projects throughout the state.

“We are pleased to be partnering with Baseload Capital on this joint venture and believe we are in a prime position to lead in the geothermal space where we will lean on our experience and technical strengths. We believe that to make the geothermal ecosystem a reality, we must take these important steps through collaboration and partnership, and this example with Baseload Capital is a great start towards pursuing our lower carbon goals for the future,” said Barbara Harrison, Vice President, Offsets and Emerging, at Chevron New Energies. 

“It is time for the geothermal industry to take its place as an obvious part of the energy mix. Geothermal should be the new normal, becoming as standard to the energy mix as GORE-TEX is for outdoor clothes. Right now, everything is in the industry’s favor to move from niche to mainstream. We have no time to waste and no excuse for not picking up the pace here and now. Together with Chevron we believe that the transition to a greener planet, with the help of geothermal, is going to be much faster,” said Alexander Helling, CEO at Baseload Capital.

Nevada currently ranks second in the country for geothermal electrical energy production. Nevada’s geothermal plants can currently generate up to 827 MW of power in any given hour. Nevada has 26 plants in 17 different locations.

This latest announcement shows the strong interest in Nevada geothermal resources which could translate into new jobs and significant rural economic development.

Rod Pelton on Economic Opportunity for the Eastern Plains

Colorado House Representative and State Senator-Elect Rod Pelton is a third generation farmer and rancher from Colorado’s Eastern Plains. He’s an unflinching advocate for rural Colorado and has focused his time serving in the Colorado House of Representatives to drive real economic opportunities for his constituents.

Earlier this month Rep. Pelton highlighted the economic opportunities that the Colorado Power Pathway’s transmission line would bring to the Eastern Plains in a letter to the Sterling Journal-Advocate:

“Many of my constituents throughout the Eastern Plains are in the agricultural business and know first-hand how difficult and challenging the work can be, but they deserve financial security. After all, their success contributes to our local communities and our western quality of life.

One of the ways I see rural Colorado being able to experience economic growth that the Front Range has benefited from is through the potential land-lease options because of the Colorado’s Power Pathway – a $1.7 billion investment from Xcel Energy that will harness energy from the critically important rural part of the state.

Hear me out – it’s important to make it financially feasible to develop and produce the natural resources that this state offers, while we develop our renewable energy sources and make them competitive with traditional resources.

The Pathway project gives us this chance. It not only offers agricultural landowners an opportunity to make money off their property, but this investment in the region bolsters our competitive edge and positions us for greater economic prosperity.”

Click here for the full version Rep. Pelton’s letter that ran in the Sterling Journal-Advocate on December 7, 2022.

AZ ACC Looks at Federal Funds and Permitting Reform

Yesterday, the Chair of the Arizona Corporation Commission, Lea Márquez Peterson, requested that regulated utilities in Arizona communicate to the ACC on how they would be pursuing new federal infrastructure funds and credits to deploy clean energy.

Chair Márquez Peterson noted that it was important to better understand how the new federal provisions could benefit ratepayers, “As chair of the Arizona Corporation Commission, I believe we have a duty to ensure that ratepayers see lower costs as a result of the Inflation Reduction Act. As commissioners, I believe we must study these credits thoroughly and determine how, exactly, the investment and production tax credits provided by the Inflation Reduction Act should be applied to Commission policies and procedures.”

Chair Márquez Peterson also described the importance of permitting reform and the role that states can play to ensure federal incentives are properly applied, saying, “Congress passed the Inflation Reduction Act to reduce inflationary pressures on American consumers, including for the price of gas and electricity. But these provisions will not be felt immediately, or at all, if they are not properly applied. Congress also promised to address permitting reform upon the passage of its Inflation Reduction Act. Congress must keep its promise.”

Arizona and the rest of the Western United States will play a vital role in efforts to increase domestic manufacturing, mining and processing of critical minerals, and the deployment of advanced energy solutions over the next several decades. Opening this docket will ensure that the ACC and regulated utilities in Arizona are able to keep consumer rates down while leading on clean and reliable energy production.

Requested comments from the regulated utilities will be provided via ACC Docket Number E-99999A-22-0046 (Resource Planning and Procurement for 2021, 2022, and 2023).